Your detailed and thorough post due by Wednesday@MIDNIGHT for full credit (A). Partial credit (C) can be earned by posting late, which is better than a ZERO.
Remember, weekly blogging is worth 1/3 of your entire semester grade.
Be sure to communicate with Dr. W as needed - rob.williams@madriver.com.
Read and blog THE NEW HUMAN RIGHTS, Introduction and Chapter 1.
2) EVIDENCE: Post and number THREE specific observations from EACH CHAPTER of our reading(s) that supports your thesis.
Use 2-3 sentences for each observation, and combine direct quotations from the text (AUTHOR's LAST NAME, 27), with IYOW analysis.
3) QUESTION: Include in your post a SINGLE SPECIFIC question you'd ask the class based on our readings.
1) THESIS:
ReplyDeleteIntroduction: With overviews of each chapter and relating each thought to the larger picture, Peter Joseph establishes his ideas surrounding societal health, wealth gaps, and ailments that societies may experience.
Chapter 1: Many societal preconditions like racism and poverty continue to influence groups of people disproportionately, with effects in the U.S. higher than any other developed nation in the world.
2) EVIDENCE:
Introduction:
-There are many different methods of measuring success and livelihood of a group of people. The level of health a society experiences is a good indicator for “the quality of its social system.” Joseph explains that a society that “allow[s] or even facilitat[es]” sickness and crimes calls into question the society’s success and level of good nature (Joseph, xvii).
-Joseph describes poverty as both an effect and a cause of a social system because it leads to so many other injustices and ailments that people may experience. In fact, countries that experience more economic inequality tend to overall have more unhealthy people (Joseph, xix). This can be related to the fact that overall health and access to resources is limited for poorer people when wealthier people can afford .
- Governing bodies can control a large amount of access a society has to certain resources. Joseph explains, “it has little to do with people’s general, day-to-day intent and everything to do with the organizing framework of global society” (Joseph, xx). I interpreted this as an indication that change is best pursued by governing bodies who can effect real change, not just civilians trying to make changes.
Chapter 1:
- While a lot of different processes affect society and its success, Joseph explains that “policy makers have mostly ignored such informative research on how social conditions lead to detrimental public-health outcomes” (p. 7). This connects to the introduction as governing bodies tend to have the most effective control of eliciting change in a society, but don’t always do what is best for the group as a whole.
- How a child is raised has a huge effect on its life success. Joseph cites many studies that illustrate the need for emotional interaction and absence of abuse in order to help children grow properly (Joseph, 6-7).
- The U.S. has the highest incarceration rate of its citizens in the world, as well as the highest incarceration of children (Joseph, 14). Preconditions such as poverty and race are huge determiners of incarceration rates of group in our flawed judicial system, but this is not due to a racist intent. Joseph opines that our structural institutions are racist due to historical and political influences, not because of intentional racism (Joseph, 16).
3) QUESTION: Joseph explains, “it has little to do with people’s general, day-to-day intent and everything to do with the organizing framework of global society” (p. xx). How can we develop our global society framework in order to limit issues like disease, abuse, and poverty?
Introduction
ReplyDeleteThesis: The issues that are ingrained in society derive from the structure and organization rather than the moral standing.
When discussing aspects of society that both affect human condition as well as are constructs of our minds, social systems are the frontrunners. This organization of said society serves to enrich public health in a broad sense. This allows for both a more efficient society since there is no reason to worry about aspects such as diseases and epidemics wiping out societies. When this becomes a possibility, the structure of the society is at question.
Socioeconomic refers to economic activity that connects social and personal outcomes. According to Peter Joseph this is describe both cause and effect. Poverty is an example since it can be claimed to be an effect of the social system as well as separate as a cause.
When stepping through the chain of social problems within a society, we usually end up at the doorstep of the economy. If the expectations to reach a sense of stability or prosperity then we will need to think past the current possibilities.
Chapter One
Thesis: Within a given system, all of the specific parts aren’t whole without their relation to the rest of the system. Along with this, when one part is affected then the whole system is also.
The earth and the way it interacts with all its moving parts is a great analogy to explore when discussing this thesis. Peter goes into how the subsystems of the earth overlap and are somewhat incomplete without looking outside that particular subsystem and the effects it has on others. This system of isolation relates to social systems and features such as economics, law, physics, etc as well.
Things such as systematic racism culminate in a similar relationship to the one mentioned above. The bigoted criminal justice system has attributes in all sorts of all aspects such as legal, historical, cultural and eventually all leads back to political economy.
Social connects and conversation/relations to other individuals serves our social nature. This tendacy is deeply rooted in ourselves and an emotional requirement for good health. Although this may look different from individual to individual, this precondition exists at our very core.
Question: With all these systems in place and some more healthy for society than others, is there a way in which we can strive for replacing or improving said systems?
Thesis:
ReplyDeleteIntroduction: Modern social issues stem from how society is organized, instead of steaming from the moral aptitude of society
Chapter 1: The current system of society is comprised of biological, psychological, social and ecological factors. When one part of the system falls this can create a domino effect on the rest of the system.
Evidence:
Introduction
“ Modern poverty is actually not an inevitable byproduct of humans’ sharing a planet that is supposedly deficient in resources. Rather, poverty today is simply a consequence native to our current economic mode.” (Joseph, xix). Even the structure of our economy can lead to social issues, for example poverty is the negative result of the market economy.
Poverty is not the only social issue that is the result of how our societies are organized and structured. For example socioeconomic inequality is another cause of social issues. “ a person living in a generally wealthy nation, with a smaller income gap, may experience very different public-health outcomes than a person living in another generally wealthy country that has a larger income gap.” (Joseph, xix).
“ Social dominance and the facilitation of social control and oppression is structurally codified in the system; a normative function born from its inherently competitive, scarcity driven ethic.” This social dominance can make transitioning away from it relatively hard, this is largely due to individuals who have been rewarded by the current model. Due to this unwillingness to change this results in a variety of social issues.
Chapter 1:
“The result of this highly punitive and bigoted system is the destruction of children’s lives, especially black and minority children, since statistics show that youth incarceration actually increases the likelihood of future offenses, on average.” (Joseph, 11). This social issue is the direct result of a failure of one piece of the system.
“This lack of comprehension, rooted in a truncated or incomplete understanding of systemic economic outcomes, creates constant socioeconomic disorder, as we continue to see throughout the modern world.” (Joseph, 10). The failure of the system to educate individuals on systemic economic outcomes has caused socioeconomic disorder around the globe.
“The justice system generally ignores the social preconditions that lead a person to commit crime. The consideration of how economic and societal pressures distort human behavior, or perhaps even make an entire minority demographic vulnerable to legal persecution, is virtually nonexistent.” (Joseph, 12). Due to the failure of the justice system to account for the various economic and social aspects that motivate individuals to commit crimes this has resulted in the failure of the entire system itself.
Question: How could we persuade those who have been rewarded by the system that it is flawed and needs to be changed?
THESIS)
ReplyDeleteIntro: societal structures have been exerting invisible pressures on all of society, these pressures can lead to serious systemic issues.
Chapter 1: the systems controlling our society are vastly complex, and if those systems aren't built for the society they can create systemic issues within the society itself.
EVIDENCE)
Intro:
- “poverty today is a systemic consequence native to our current economic mode”(Joseph, xix). what he means when he says this is that poverty is not real and without the economic system we exist in it wouldn't be a concept.
- “it has little to do with people’s general, day-to-day intent and everything to do with the organizing framework of global society”(Joseph, xx). He specifically makes the point that people often act based off of their constraints and if the structure of society says that something is fine then why would someone bother abstaining from it.
- “when we trace the systematic chain reactions of our most detrimental social problems, we almost invariably end up at the doorstep of the economy”(Joseph, xx). In our system money is what motivates people so the invisible pressure of society coerces people to do what they need to make money, even to the detriment of those that live within the system.
Chapter 1:
- “systems thinking is about understanding intersecting processes and chain reactions”(Joseph, 8). He very clearly states early in the chapter how when thinking in systems you have to account for the reactions that will happen as a product of your decisions. Otherwise everything you do will have an unintended consequence.
- “large changes to the social system could mean disturbances to those who benefit disproportionately, along with those in political control”(Joseph, 10). This is why some systems have inherent problems, because people have abused the system to ensure they maintain power.
- “The justice system generally ignores the social preconditions that lead a person to commit crime”(Joseph, 12). This is another example of a system not working for the society itself.
QUESTION)
Are there any systemic issues not mentioned in the chapter that you can see in today's society?
Thesis:
ReplyDeleteIntro:
Peter Joseph narrows each chapter down to explain solutions to modern social problems.
Ch.1:
To understand the larger picture, the small pieces have to be connected first.
Evidence:
Intro:
“If we expect to achieve new levels of prosperity, peace, and social justice on this plant, while also stopping or reversing many detrimental trends currently on pace, then it is about time we started to expand our sense of possibility” (Joseph xx). The U.S.’s worst social problems boil down to the economy. In order to alter this, we need to organize a global society.
“Those with great power and wealth, those who have been rewarded greatly by the system, naturally find cognitive dissonance with the idea of altering the very mechanism that has rewarded them so disproportionately” (Joseph xxi). Very specific social movements globally are critical in order to start transition.
“The more economic inequality, the unhealthier a country’s people are on average” (Joseph xix). Poverty is man-made; not natural. It again boils down to the market economy.
Ch.1:
To understand a concept or idea you need multiple outlooks on the situation. “It becomes limiting if those fields are not eventually viewed in connection with each other as they are in the real world” (Joseph 3). Without different viewpoints, it becomes hard to understand or learn what is being worked on.
Chain reactions can be triggered for many reasons. “For instance, any largescale environmental disaster could deeply affect our biopsychosocial condition” (Joseph 4). A large disaster affects an area but also many smaller parts of the area as well.
Peter Joseph talks about how his bike was stolen when he was younger. He expresses that he wasn’t happy that his bike was stolen, however, he is happy, looking back on it, that the kid was not caught. “Since the system has been shown to actually breed violence, it’s possible that other people could have been victimized as a result of his exposure to such punitive conditions” (Joseph 12). Instead of going after criminals to hurt/ worsen them, help people therapeutically and mentally so that these issues don’t happen as frequently.
Question:
Do you think the U.S. will ever start to get rid of prisons or do you think money and power will overrule?
Introduction: Peter Joseph lays out the scope of his book and its focus around socioeconomic inequality and how it isn’t something that can be changed through the morals of the population but by actual action.
ReplyDelete1 “That term is socioeconomic. This refers to economic activity that connects to social and personal outcomes. It can be used to describe a cause, or it can be used to describe an effect.”(Joseph, xviii) He lays out the term that is used heavily throughout his book and clearly explains it and goes into further detail. Off topic, but I really appreciate his style of writing and communicating his ideas/themes/concepts.
2 “Yet, poverty is just one feature of the overall phenomenon of socioeconomic inequality. Socioeconomic inequality links to a range of detrimental social problems, many of which are quite surprising (chapter four).” (Joseph, xix)
3 “All the best intentions in the world are not going to stop the existing and emerging problems as long as the current socioeconomic framework remains unaltered.” (Joseph, xx) The way he phrases this really stuck out to me. I believe what he is saying and it makes sense. I think most would agree, but many peers haven't really come to this conclusion when thinking about this subject which is what struck me the most about him stating this since so many people blame the morals.
Chapter one: He explains the complexity of the systems we live under and how one incident in that system affects everything else in it.
1 ”For instance, any large scale environmental disaster could deeply affect our biopsychosocial condition.” (Joseph, 4) He then breaks down the chain reaction of a theoretical earthquake that creates a water shortage. The effects of water shortage effects that entire society in a number of negative ways such as higher crime rate, worsening mental and physical health, and the spread of disease with the lack of clean water.
2 “the second reason society tends to ignore the relationship between social conditions and public well being is because this knowledge clashes with the nature of the established political, social, and economic order.” (Joseph, 9) Since this information clashes with the established systems, it’s a cycle of recognizing the cause and feeling helpless since the way to handle it deals with changing the systems. The system is a pile of knots at this point that is overwhelming to untangle leaving people discouraged to take on the challenge of unknotting it.
3 “First, a dominant baboon strikes and humiliates a subordinate. The subordinate, knowing he cannot strike back, turns to strike his own subordinate to release the angst or save face, and on down the line it goes.These primate dominance reactions, often termed displaced aggression, mirror patterns in the human population, such as domestic abuse.” (Joseph, 27) Applying this to married couples shows the chain reaction of a spouse taking out aggression on their partner which affects them and any possible children they may have. This then leads into their work/school life and possibly affects their peers in negative ways such as making work for colleagues more challenging, this might bring stress into their own homelife where they might take it out on their partner and continue the chain.
Question: Were there any specific insights from the introduction and/or chapter that you felt strongly about (whether you agreed or disagreed with them)
Introduction:
ReplyDelete1) The solutions to modern social problems are less about moral aptitudes and more about society’s structure.
2) (a) To fix modern social problems, one must look at how a society is structured and how it in turn influences human life. “If we had to locate the most influential man-made force affecting the human condition, there is no doubt that a society’s social system would be most prominent” (Joseph xvii).
(b) To fix modern social problems one must look at the economic foundation of society to determine what kind of political and social institutions it has as well as dominant cultural values. “How a society organizes its resources, labor, production, and distribution is by far the most defining and influential feature of culture (Joseph xviii).
(c) To fix modern social problems one must look at how our social system idealizes elitism and preservation. “That is because those with great power and wealth, those who have been rewarded greatly by the system, naturally find cognitive dissonance with the idea of altering the very mechanism that has rewarded them so disproportionately” (Joseph xxi).
Chapter #1:
ReplyDelete1) In order to effectively make positive, lasting change and solve modern social problems, one must look at societies structure in many different disciplines.
2) (a) Human beings are intrinsically social and the connections we make with other human beings is fundamental to how society acts as a whole. “A prominent study conducted by Tiffany Field of the University of Miami School of Medicine found that simply touching premature infants each day in neonatology wards sparked growth-hormone reactions that increased development rates by almost 50 percent, along with a host of other positive outcomes” (Joseph 6)
(b) It is important to look beyond just individual behaviors to what led to those behaviors in both the societies structure and culture. “If the goal of society is to stop such behavior, the main focus can only be socioeconomic reform, not punitive threat. As research has shown, reducing negative social stress is critical, for such pressures can alter one’s self-control…the instinct to survice will trump ideology and ethics when stress becomes high enough” (Joseph 13 – 14).
(c) Economic inequality and greater wealth distribution leads to more social problems as social status is detrimental to our culture. “People in a more unequal region, closely witnessing material wealth outside their reach, are more prone to risky behavior to fit in or try to match others’ status symbols” (Joseph 24).
3) How can we decrease the wealth distribution gap both in the United States and globally?
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ReplyDeleteIntroduction thesis:
ReplyDeleteSetting the stage for the entire book, Peter Joseph outlines his thinking that society’s problems arise from its structures.
Introduction Evidence:
1. Solutions to modern social problems are less about the moral aptitude of society and more about how society is technically organized. (xvii)
2. Put succinctly, socioeconomic inequality is the greatest detriment to human health and social stability in the world today. (xix)
3. The bottom line is that when we trace the systematic chain reactions of our most detrimental social problems, we almost invariably end up at the doorstep of the economy. (xx)
Chapter 1 thesis:
A lot of society’s problems stem from the use of localized perception vs. systems perception, what you see directly around you versus understanding chain reactions, and this has been most evident in understanding the systematic racism in America.
Chapter 1 evidence:
1. “Socially, we have come a long way from simply declaring a person evil because of an offensive act. Today, we have a better understanding of the systematic preconditions that create aberrant human behavior as a chain reaction.” (9) However, “a massive sociological cultural lag has been occurring for about a century now, wherein modern understandings that can dramatically improve human life go utterly unincorporated.” (10)
2. “The result of this highly punitive and bigoted system is the destruction of children’s lives, especially black and minority children.” (11) “The justice system generally ignores the social preconditions that lead a person to commit crime.” (12)
3. “The true dawn of American racism was not slavery itself but how the framework of slavery was eventually supported and justified” (19). “If people see statistics such a black child performing worse on academic tests, black adults arrested and incarcerated more, or higher black unemployment, they may superficially gravitate towards assuming it is “just the way they are” having no other information. Our localized perception fails us in this way”. (21)
Chapter 1 question:
On pages 12 and 13, Joseph says that those who commit crimes should be treated similarly to a diseased person, quoting Bertrand Russell in saying “When a man is suffering from an infectious disease he is a danger to the community, and it is necessary to restrict his liberty of movement. But no one associates any idea of guilt with such a situation. On the contrary, he is an object of commiseration to his friends. […] The same method in spirit ought to be shown in the treatment of what is called “crime””. Do you agree? Should murderers, thieves, and rapists be treated as someone with an infectious disease?
Introduction
ReplyDeleteThesis:
Societal issues we face today are not moral issues, but are structural ones.
Evidence:
Peter Joseph stated in the introduction that it is not an individual day to day problem but a whole system societal problem. “Solutions to modern social problems are less about the moral aptitude of society and more about how society is technically organized.” (xvii) It’s easier to think that one thing lead a person to do something but it is much more complicated when you begin to dive in.
“The quality of overall public health in a society ultimately reflects the quality of its social system.” (xvii) This quote stood out to me because access to good health care in America is something of great concern and it is very hard to obtain for some individuals. Good public health care shouldn’t be a privilege, it should be a human right.
“The more economic inequality, the unhealthier a country's people are on average.” (xix) In America the wealth is very disproportionate, and is someone I have personally discussion a lot in school. I believe something along the lines of the top 20 wealthiest Americans have as much wealth as the bottom 20% of Americans. It’s very hard for individuals to break out of the poverty cycle in America because of our social systems.
Chapter 1:
Thesis:
The world is a complex place and to fully understand societal issues we need to be aware of all the systems that are in play.
Evidence:
“We tend to perceive in very linear and superficial ways, as opposed to broader, more thorough ways.” (8) Overall, as a society we need to expand our way of thinking and that begins we teaching that way of thinking, listening, and learning in elementary schools. It's easier to think in terms of a, b, c, d, but harder to think that maybe c comes before a.
As a society we tend to use heuristic thinking a lot, which is “using quick means to make decisions based on personal experience rather than through detailed analysis.” (9) Instead of thinking outside our tool box we believe we know the right/wrong thing based on our own constructs on the world around us. In order to really be aware of societal issues we need to understand others constructs on the world.
I found this to be really eye opening because I was taught how most individuals were taught in America, how slavery started when the Europeans bought the Afircans over sea. “The true dawn of American racism was not slavery itself but how the framework of slavery was eventually supported and justified.” (19) This just shows how our society was formed to eventually promote slavery and racism in the world around us.
Question:
As a society, is it easier to put the blame on the consumers instead of the big corporations? (thinking about plastic straw ban and global warming)
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteIntro
ReplyDeleteSociety and how it is technically organized
“In terms of structuralism we had to locate the most influential man-made force affecting the human Condition, there is no doubt that a society's social system would be most prominent.”(Joseph, xvii)
“How Society organizes its resources, labor, production and distribution is far the most defining and influential feature of culture.”(Joseph, xviii)
“A social system is defined as the means by which a society organizes itself to facilitate survival, prosperity and ideally peaceful coexistence”(Joseph, xvii)
Is the definition of social system the same all over the world?
Chapter 1
System theory and human behavior.
“System Theory was made Popular by biologist Ludwig Von Bertalanffy in the late 1960s. It is a nonreductionist approach to understanding complex phenomenon, focusing attention on larger order relationships rather than smaller parts.”(Joseph, 2)
“Our biology psychology and the social conditions in which we live interconnected to Define us as individuals. Who we are, what we think, and the quality of our health is a consequence of these influences.” (Joseph, 4)
“Our minds naturally gravitate towards very narrow and superficial thinking only with the advent of science has our comprehension become more refined. Socially we have come a long way from simply declaring a person evil because offensive act.” (Joseph, 9)The author also gave a second reason to why Society tends to ignore the relationship between social conditions and public well-being. It is because it's knowledge clashes with the nature of the established political, social and economic order.
What is the correlation between social systems theory and instructional design approach?
Introduction: Societal issues according to Peter Joseph are more of structural issues rather than moral issues.
ReplyDelete"Structuralism simply means we are accounting for larger-order relationships when thinking about social affairs. It is a derivation of a more generalized concept called systems theory." (xvii)
"In terms of structuralism, if we had to locate the most influential man-made force affecting the human condition, there is no doubt that a society's social system would be prominent." (xvii)
"How a society organizes its resources, labor, production, and distribution is by far the most defining and influential feature of culture. This is why people discuss social systems in general they usually refer to them by their economic modes." (xviii)
Chapter 1: Three factors to complete the system of society; biological, psychological and social. All as which too need to work in conjunction to define the character and health of the human being.
ReplyDelete"There has been a tendency throughout the evolution of science to fragment fields, examining them independently. In school, we study biology, mathematics, psychology, sociology, physics, and other areas generally in isolation." (Joseph 2)
"We need to understand how all those parts work together, producing the human being as a single system." (Joseph 3)
"A human being is inclusive to the larger-order ecosystem or habitat from which it evolved and upon which it relies for survival and health. It is also inclusive to our manmade social structures and institutions, such as political, legal, and economic traditions." (Joseph 3-4)
Fantastic blogging here, CC posse!
ReplyDeleteAll posts below this line = C/LATE.
Dr. Rob
Intro
ReplyDeleteThesis: Social issues in modern times aren’t based on moral issues but are more focused on how our society is organized.
Evidence:
“A social system is defined as the means by which a society organizes itself to facilitate survival, prosperity, and, ideally, peaceful coexistence” (Peter Joseph XVII). In order to have a functioning society, you need to have a social system in place in order to avoid chaos thought out of the community.
“If it happens to be that a system is allowing or even facilitating unnecessary disease epidemics, pollution, starvation, violence, crime, deprivation, social oppression, bigotry, and other harmful features, then the integrity of the social system is brought into question” (Peter Joseph XVII). Social systems also need to have checks and balances in order for things to run smoothly. If there is something that isn’t right in the system it needs to be pointed out and addressed.
“I wish to reiterate that the real issue of concern today isn’t moral; it is structural. It has little to do with people’s general, day-to-day intent and everything to do with the organizing framework of global society” (Peter Joseph XX). Before we worry about small things like individuals’ day-to-day intent we need to first focus on the bigger picture in order to have a functioning society and that is the organizing framework in our global society.
Chapter one
ReplyDeleteThesis: Our society has come up with an organizational system for our society but when something in the system goes wrong it can affect the organization of it all.
Evidence:
“An earthquake that creates a water shortage in a city is an example. This could trigger social disorder, educing public safety in terms of both poor sanitation and stress-induced crime. Those suffering from dehydration could suffer serious physiological harm” (Perter Joseph Pg 4). Even though an earthquake is part of nature and has to do with the effects on our planet it also affects the psychological state of mind.
“Given the intersecting nature of things, both children and those responsible for them are subject to large-order socioeconomic conditions. If those conditions aren’t supportive to such nurturing, then we have a problem” ( Peter Joseph Pg 6). The conditions children and families live in effects they were children are raised and the people the develop into. If a child lives in poverty they may have to start working at a young age to support themselves and their family, if a child is raised in wealth they might not have the skills to work hard and fend for themselves because they never learn it as kids but they have resources to things children in poverty will never have access to.
“As opposed to individual health, however, the contest is public health: health outcomes occurring on a population level. For example, as will be discussed in detail in chapter four, poverty is highly determinant of many negative outcomes, including child abuse and neglect” ( Peter Joseph Pg 7). If economic wealth was properly distuabuted we would not have as much child maltreatment and neglect. Many parents dont purposely neglect and fail to support their child’s basic needs but because our society’s economic wealth is not equally distrabuted it is very hard for adults to make proper money to support a family. There for many children dont get the proper medical care, clothing, and even food and shelter due to the system failing. This results in the state taking away children from their parents because the parents can not provide for them.
Question:
How can we as a society help families so that they can adequately support their children so all their basic needs are met?
Introduction:
ReplyDeleteThesis: The structure of society is more responsible for social problems rather than the morals.
Evidence:
1. Social systems are one of the largest factors to why society’s structure is so impactful, as Joseph writes: “if we had to locate the most influential man-made force affecting the human condition, there is no doubt that a society’s social system would be most prominent” (Joseph xvii). Social systems are how societies organize themselves in order to function, such as the behaviors of the people in the society. Because of how much social systems are frameworks for societies, their impact on a society’s health is major. So if a social system let’s issues like disease and crime to happen frequently, the society’s public health suffers.
2. “Modern poverty is actually not an inevitable byproduct of humans’ sharing a planet that is supposedly deficient in resources. Rather, poverty today is a systemic consequence native to our current economic mode” (Joseph xix). Because of the way our economy is structured, poverty is an issue many suffer from. Poverty also leads to other socioeconomic problems, like violence and crime, further worsening the society’s public health. So because of the economic structure, more problems than just poverty develop in societies.
3. Socioeconomic inequality is the big underlying problem of societies concerning their health and stability, as stated by Joseph: “socioeconomic inequality is the greatest detriment to human health and social stability in the world today” (Joseph xix). Income gaps are a big contributor to this, as the larger the gap, the worse the health of the society. Social problems that are rooted from socioeconomic inequality are ones such as racism or discrimination.